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2007/2008 Report
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The latest global Report on the theme of climate change has been launched on 27 November 2007.

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2007/2008 Report

Brunei Darussalam
HDI Rank - 30
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01. Human development index
Human development index value, 20050.894
Life expectancy at birth, annual estimates (years), 200576.7
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-200592.7
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education (%), 200577.7
GDP per capita (PPP US$), 200528,16112
Life expectancy index0.862
Education index0.877
GDP index0.941
GDP per capita (PPP US$) rank minus HDI rank- 8
1a. Basic indicators for other UN member states
Life expectancy at birth, annual estimates (years), 2000-0576.7
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-200592.7
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education (%), 200577.7
GDP per capita (PPP US$), 200528,161
Population, total (thousands), 2004374
Fertility rate, total (births per woman), 2000-052.5
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 20059
Net primary enrolment rate (%), 200493
HIV prevalence (% aged 15-49), 2005<0.1 [<0.2]
Population undernourished (% of total population), 2002/044
Population using an improved water source (%), 2004..
02. Human development index trends
Human development index (trends), 1975..
Human development index (trends), 1980..
Human development index (trends), 1985..
Human development index (trends), 1990..
Human development index (trends), 1995..
Human development index (trends), 2000..
Human development index (trends), 20050.894
03. Human and income poverty: developing countries
Human poverty index (HPI-1) rank..
Human Poverty Index (HPI-1) value (%)..
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 40 (% of cohort), 2000-053.0
Adult illiteracy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-20057.3
Population not using an improved water source (%), 2004..
Children underweight for age (% under age 5), 1996-2005..
Population living below $1 a day (%), 1990-2005..
Population living below $2 a day (%), 1990-2005..
Population living below the national poverty line (%), 1990-2004..3
HPI-1 rank minus income poverty rank..
04. Human and income poverty: OECD countries, Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS
Human poverty index (HPI-2) rank..
Human poverty index (HPI-2) value (%)..
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (% of cohort), 2000-059.7
Population lacking functional literacy skills (% aged 16-65), 1994-2003..
Long-term unemployment (% of labour force), 2006..
Population living below 50% of median income (%), 2000-2004..3
Population living below $11 a day (1994 PPP US$), 1994-95..
Population living below $4 a day (1990 PPP US$), 2000-04..3
HPI-2 rank minus income poverty rank..
05. Demographic trends
Population, total (millions), 19750.2
Population, total (millions), 20050.4
Population, total (millions), 20150.5
Population, annual growth rate (%), 1975-20052.8
Population, annual growth rate (%), 2005-151.9
Population, urban (% of total population), 197562.0
Population, urban (% of total population), 200573.5
Population, urban (% of total population), 201577.6
Population under age 15 (% of total population), 200529.6
Population under age 15 (% of total population), 201525.8
Population aged 65 and older (% of total population), 20053.2
Population aged 65 and older (% of total population), 20154.3
Fertility rate, total (births per woman), 1970-755.4
Fertility rate, total (births per woman), 2000-052.5
06. Commitment to health: resources, access and services
Public expenditure on health (% of GDP), 20042.6
Private expenditure on health (% of GDP), 20040.6
Health expenditure per capita (PPP US$), 2004621
One-year-olds fully immunized against tuberculosis (%), 200596
One-year-olds fully immunized against measles (%), 200597
Children with diarrhoea receiving oral rehydration and continued feeding (% under age 5), 1998-2005..
Contraceptive prevalence rate (% of married women aged 15-49), 1997-2005..
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%), 1997-200599
Physicians (per 100,000 people), 2000-041013
07. Water, sanitation and nutritional status
Population using improved sanitation (%), 1990..
Population using improved sanitation (%), 2004..
Population using an improved water source (%), 1990..
Population using an improved water source (%), 2004..
Population undernourished (% of total population), 1990-9243
Population undernourished (% of total population), 2002-044
Children under weight for age (% under age 5), 1996-2005..
Children under height for age (% under age 5), 1996-2005..3
Infants with low birthweight (%), 1998-200510
08. Inequalities in maternal and child health
Survey year for inequality data in table 8..
Births attended by skilled health personnel, poorest 20% (%)..
Births attended by skilled health personnel, richest 20% (%)..
One-year-olds fully immunized, poorest 20% (%)..
One-year-olds fully immunized, richest 20% (%)..
Children under height for age, poorest 20% (% children under age 5)..
Children under height for age, richest 20% (% children under age 5)..
Infant mortality rate, poorest 20% (per 1,000 live births)..
Infant mortality rate, richest 20% (per 1,000 live births)..
Under-five mortality rate, poorest 20% (per 1,000 live births)..
Under-five mortality rate, richest 20% (per 1,000 live births)..
09. Leading global health crises and risks
HIV prevalence (% aged 15-49), 2005<0.1 [<0.2]
Condom use at last high-risk sex, women (% aged 15-24), 1999-2005..
Condom use at last high-risk sex, men (% aged 15-24), 1999-2005..
Children under age 5 using insecticide-treated bednets (%), 1999-2005..
Children under age 5 with fever treated with antimalarial drugs (%), 1999-2005..
Tuberculosis cases, prevalence (per 100,000 people), 200563
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS (%), 2005112
Tuberculosis cases cured under DOTS (%), 200371
Prevalence of smoking, women (% of adults), 2002-04..3
Prevalence of smoking, men (% of adults), 2002-04..3
10. Survival: progress and setbacks
Life expectancy at birth, quinquennial estimates (years), 1970-7568.3
Life expectancy at birth, quinquennial estimates (years), 2000-0576.3
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 197058
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 20058
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 197078
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 20059
Probability at birth of surviving to age 65, female (% of cohort), 2000-0587.7
Probability at birth of surviving to age 65, male (% of cohort), 2000-0584.5
Maternal mortality ratio, reported (per 100,000 live births), 1990-20040
Maternal mortality ratio, adjusted (per 100,000 live births), 2000413
11. Commitment to education: public spending
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 19913.5
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 2002-05..
Public expenditure on education (% of total government expenditure), 1991..
Public expenditure on education (% of total government expenditure), 2002-059.145
Current public expenditure on education, pre-primary and primary (as % of all levels), 199122
Current public expenditure on education, pre-primary and primary (as % of all levels), 2002-05..
Current public expenditure on education, secondary (% of all levels), 199130
Current public expenditure on education, secondary (% of all levels), 2002-05..
Current public expenditure on education, tertiary (% of all levels), 19912
Current public expenditure on education, tertiary (% of all levels), 2002-05..
12. Literacy and enrolment
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1985-199587.8
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-200592.7
Youth literacy rate (% aged 15-24), 1985-199598.1
Youth literacy rate (% aged 15-24), 1995-200598.9
Net primary enrolment rate (%), 199192
Net primary enrolment rate (%), 200593
Net secondary enrolment rate (%), 199171
Net secondary enrolment rate (%), 200587
Children reaching grade 5 (% of grade 1 students), 1991..
Children reaching grade 5 (% of grade 1 students), 2004100
Tertiary students in science, engineering, manufacturing and construction (% of tertiary students), 1999-200510
13. Technology: diffusion and creation
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people), 1990136
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people), 2005224
Cellular subscribers (per 1,000 people), 19907
Cellular subscribers (per 1,000 people), 2005623
Internet users (per 1,000 people), 19900
Internet users (per 1,000 people), 20052776
Patents granted to residents (per million peole), 2005..
Receipts of royalties and license fees (US$ per person), 2005..
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP), 2000-20052.55404554964026E-02
Researchers in R&D (per million people), 1990-2005274
14. Economic performance
GDP (current US$ billions), 20056.4
GDP, PPP (current international $ billions), 2005..
GDP per capita (US$), 200517,121
GDP per capita, PPP (2005 international $), 2005..
GDP per capita, annual growth rate (%), 1975-2005- 1.97
GDP per capita, annual growth rate (%), 1990-2005- 0.87
GDP per capita, highest value (2005 PPP US$), 1975-2005..
GDP per capita, year of highest value..
Consumer price index, average annual change in (%), 1990-20051.3
Consumer price index, average annual change in (%), 2004-051.2
15. Inequality in income or expenditure
Survey Year..
Share of income or consumption, poorest 10% (%)..
Share of income or consumption, poorest 20% (%)..
Share of income or consumption, richest 20% (%)..
Share of income or consumption, richest 10% (%)..
Inequality measures, ratio of richest 10% to poorest 10%..
Inequality measures, ratio of richest 20% to poorest 20%..
Gini index..
16. Structure of trade
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP), 1990..
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP), 2005..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP), 1990..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP), 2005..
Primary exports (% of merchandise exports), 199097
Primary exports (% of merchandise exports), 2005888
Manufactured exports (% of merchandise exports), 19903
Manufactured exports (% of merchandise exports), 2005128
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports), 1990..
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports), 20054.98
Terms of trade (2000=100), 2004-2005..
17. OECD-DAC country expenditures on aid
Official development assistance, net disbursed (US$ millions), 2005..
Official development assistance, net disbursed (% of GNI), 1990..
Official development assistance, net disbursed (% of GNI), 2005..
Official development assistance per capita of donor country (2005 US$), 1990..
Official development assistance per capita of donor country (2005 US$), 2005..
Official development assistance to least developed countries (% of total), 1990..
Official development assistance to least developed countries (% of total), 2005..
Official development assistance to basic social services (% of total allocable by sector), 1996-1997..
Official development assistance to basic social services (% of total allocable by sector), 2004-2005..
Untied bilateral ODA (% of total), 1990..
Untied bilateral ODA (% of total), 2005..
18. Flows of aid, private capital and debt
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (US$ millions), 2005..
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) per capita (US$), 2005..
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (% of GDP), 19900.1
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (% of GDP), 2005..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 1990..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2005..
Private flows, other (% of GDP), 1990..
Private flows, other (% of GDP), 2005..
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 1990..
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 2005..
Debt service, total (% of exports of goods, services and net income from abroad), 1990..
Debt service, total (% of exports of goods, services and net income from abroad), 2005..
19. Priorities in public spending
Public expenditure on health (% of GDP), 20042.6
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 19913.5
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 2002-05..
Military expenditure (% of GDP), 19906.4
Military expenditure (% of GDP), 20053.9
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 1990..
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 2005..
20. Unemployment in OECD countries
Unemployed people (thousands), 2006..
Unemployment rate Total (% of labour force), 2006..
Unemployment rate, average annual (% of labour force), 1996-2006..
Unemployment rate Female (% of male rate), 2006..
Youth unemployment rate, total (% of labour force aged 15-24), 2006..
Youth unemployment rate (female rate as % of male rate), 2006..
Long-term unemployment, women (% of total unemployment), 2006..
Long-term unemployment, men (% of total unemployment), 2006..
21. Unemployment and informal sector work in non-OECD countries
Unemployed people (thousands), 1996-200573
Unemployment rate Total (% of labour force), 1996-2005..
Unemployment rate (female rate as % of male rate), 1996-2005..
Employment, total (thousands), 1996-2005146
Employment in agriculture (% of total employment), 1996-20051
Employment in industry (% of total employment), 1996-200521
Employment in services (% of total employment), 1996-200577
Survey year, 1990-2004..
Employment in non-agricultural informal sector, both sexes (% of non-agricultural employment), 1990-2004..
Employment in non-agricultural informal sector, female (% of non-agricultural employment), 1990-2004..
Employment in non-agricultural informal sector, male (% of non-agricultural employment), 1990-2004..
22. Energy and the environment
Electricity consumption per capita (kilowatt-hours), 20048,842
Electricity consumption per capita (% change), 1990-20040.8
Electrification rate (%)99
Population without electricity (millions)0
GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP US$ per kg of oil equivalent), 2004..
GDP per unit of energy use (% change), 1990-2004..
Forest area (% total land), 200552.8
Forest area (thousand sq km), 20052.8
Forest area change from 1990-2005 (thousand sq km), 1990-2005- 0.4
Forest area, average annual change (%), 1990-2005- 0.7
23. Energy sources
Total primary energy supply (TPES) (Mt of oil equivalent), 19901.8
Total primary energy supply (TPES) (Mt of oil equivalent), 20052.6
Coal (% of total primary energy supply), 19900
Coal (% of total primary energy supply), 20050
Oil (% of total primary energy supply), 19906.8
Oil (% of total primary energy supply), 200529.7
Gas (% of total primary energy supply), 199092.2
Gas (% of total primary energy supply), 200569.6
Hydro, solar, wind and geothermal power (% of total primary energy supply), 19900
Hydro, solar, wind and geothermal power (% of total primary energy supply), 20050
Biomass and waste (% of total primary energy supply), 19901.0
Biomass and waste (% of total primary energy supply), 20050.7
Nuclear power (% of total primary energy supply), 19900
Nuclear power (% of total primary energy supply), 20050
24. Carbon dioxide emissions and stocks
CO2 emissions, total (Mt CO2), 19905.8
CO2 emissions, total (Mt CO2), 20048.8
CO2 emissions, average annual change in (%), 1990-20043.7
CO2 emissions (% of world total), 1990(.)
CO2 emissions (% of world total), 2004(.)
CO2 emissions per capita (tonnes), 199023.0
CO2 emissions per capita (tonnes), 200424.0
Carbon intensity of energy (kt CO2 per kt of oil equivalent), 19903.20
Carbon intensity of energy (kt CO2 per kt of oil equivalent), 20043.27
Carbon intensity of growth ( kt CO2 per million 2000 PPP US$), 1990..
Carbon intensity of growth ( kt CO2 per million 2000 PPP US$), 2004..
CO2 emissions/sequestration from forests (Mt CO2 per year), 1990-20051.2
Carbon stocks in forests (living biomass) (Mt C), 200539.3
25. Status of major international environmental treaties
Status of environmental treaties - Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of environmental treaties - Framework Convention on Climate Change (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of environmental treaties - Kyoto Protocol to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of environmental treaties - Convention on Biological Diversity (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of environmental treaties - Vienna Convention for the protection of the Ozone Layer (year of ratification/signature), 19881990
Status of environmental treaties - Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer (year of ratification/signature)1993
Status of environmental treaties - Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (year of ratification/signature), 200120029
Status of environmental treaties - UN Law of the Sea (year of ratification/signature)1996
Status of environmental treaties - UN Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (year of ratification/signature)2002
26. Refugees and armaments
Internally displaced people (thousands), 2006..
Refugees by country of asylum (thousands), 2006..
Refugees by country of origin (thousands), 2006..
Conventional arms transfers, imports (1990 US$ millions), 199617
Conventional arms transfers, imports (1990 US$ millions), 20063
Conventional arms transfers, exports (1990 US$ millions), 2006..
Conventional arms transfers, exports (% of world total), 2002-06..
Armed forces (thousands), 20077
Armed forces, index (1985=100), 2007171
27. Crime and justice
Homicides (per 100,000 people), 2000-20041.4
Prison population total, 2007529
Prison population (per 100,000 people), 2007140
Prison population (% female), 20078
Year in which countries have partially or completely abolished the death penalty19573
28. Gender-related development index
Gender-related development index (GDI) rank, 200531
Gender-related development index (GDI) value, 20050.886
Life expectancy at birth, female (years), 200579.3
Life expectancy at birth, male (years), 200574.6
Adult literacy rate, female (% aged 15 and older), 200590.2
Adult literacy rate, male (% aged 15 and older), 200595.2
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education, female (%) , 200579
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education, male (%) , 200576
Estimated earned income, female (PPP US$), 200515,6581011
Estimated earned income, male (PPP US$), 200537,5061011
HDI rank minus GDI rank, 2005- 2
29. Gender empowerment measure
Gender empowerment measure (GEM) rank..
Gender empowerment measure (GEM) value..
Seats in parliament (% held by women)..12
Legislators, senior officials and managers (% female), 1999-200526
Professional and technical workers (% female), 1994-200544
Ratio of estimated female to male earned income0.42
30. Gender inequality in education
Adult literacy rate, female (% aged 15 and older) , 200590.2
Adult literacy rate (ratio of female rate to male rate), 20050.95
Youth literacy rate, female (% aged 15-24), 200598.9
Youth literacy rate (ratio of female rate to male rate), 20051.00
Net primary enrolment rate, female (%), 200594
Net primary enrolment rate (ratio of female rate to male rate), 20051.01
Gross primary enrolment ratio, female (%), 2005107
Gross primary enrolment ratio (ratio of female ratio to male ratio)1.00
Gross secondary enrolment ratio, female (%), 200598
Gross secondary enrolment ratio (ratio of female ratio to male ratio), 20051.04
Gross tertiary enrolment ratio, female (%), 200520
Gross tertiary enrolment ratio (ratio of female ratio to male ratio), 20052.02
31. Gender inequality in economic activity
Economic activity rate, female (% aged 15 and older), 200544.1
Economic activity index (1990=100), female (aged 15 and older), 200598
Economic activity rate (female rate as % of male rate, aged 15 and older), 200555
Employment in agriculture, female (% of total female employment), 1995-2005(.)
Employment in agriculture, male (% of total male employment), 1995-20042
Employment in industry, female (% of total female employment), 1995-200311
Employment in industry, male (% of total male employment), 1995-200329
Employment in services, female (% of total female employment), 1995-200388
Employment in services, male (% of total male employment), 1995-200369
Contributing family workers, women (% of total), 1995-2005..
Contributing family workers, men (% of total), 1995-2004..
33. Women’s political participation
Year women received right to voteNA
Year women received right to stand for electionNA
Year first woman elected (E) or appointed (A) to parliamentNA
Women in government at ministerial level (as % of total), 20059.1
Seats in lower house or single house (% held by women), 1990..13
Seats in lower house or single house (% held by women), 2007..13
Seats in upper house or senate (% held by women), 2007..13
34. Status of major international human rights instruments
Status of human rights instruments: International convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (year of ratification/signature), 1948..
Status of human rights instruments: International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (year of ratification/signature), 1965..
Status of human rights instruments: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (year of ratification/signature), 1966..
Status of human rights instruments: International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (year of ratification/signature), 1966..
Status of human rights instruments: International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (year of ratification/signature), 19792006
Status of human rights instruments: Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (year of ratification/signature), 1984..
Status of human rights instruments: Convention on the Rights of the Child (year of ratification/signature), 19891995
35. Status of fundamental labour rights conventions
Status of labour rights conventions: Freedom of association and collective bargaining - Convention 87 (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of labour rights conventions: Freedom of association and collective bargaining - Convention 98 (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of forced and compulsory labour - Convention 29 (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of forced and compulsory labour - Convention 105 (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation - Convention 100 (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation - Convention 111 (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of labour rights conventions: Abolition of child labour - Convention 138 (year of ratification/signature)..
Status of labour rights conventions: Abolition of child labour - Convention 182 (year of ratification/signature)..

Notes:
1 - Data refer to a year other than that specified.
2 - Heston, Alan, Robert Summers, and Bettina Aten. 2006. “Penn World Table Version 6.2.” University of Pennsylvania, Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices, Philadelphia. [http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/]. Accessed June 2007. Data differ from the standard definition.
3 -
4 - National or UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimate.
5 - Data refer to an earlier year than that specified (in the period 1999 to 2001).
6 - Data refer to 2004.
7 - Data refer to a period shorter than that specified.
8 - Data refer to an earlier year than that specified; from 2000 onwards.
9 - Signature not yet followed by ratification.
10 - Heston, Alan, Robert Summers, and Bettina Aten. 2006. “Penn World Table Version 6.2.” University of Pennsylvania, Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices, Philadelphia. [http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/]. Accessed June 2007. Data differ from the standard definition.
11 - No wage data are available. For the purposes of calculating the estimated female and male earned income, a value of 0.75 was used for the ratio of the female nonagricultural wage to the male nonagricultural wage.
12 - Brunei Darussalam does not currently have a parliament.
13 - Brunei Darussalam does not currently have a parliament.