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2007/2008 Human Development Report

Yemen
HDI Rank - 153
ExcelCountry Factsheet

01. Human development index
Human development index value, 20050.508
Life expectancy at birth, annual estimates (years), 200561.5
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-200554.11
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education (%), 200555.2
GDP per capita (PPP US$), 2005930
Life expectancy index0.608
Education index0.545
GDP index0.372
GDP per capita (PPP US$) rank minus HDI rank16
1a. Basic indicators for other UN member states
Life expectancy at birth, annual estimates (years), 2000-0561.5
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-200554.1
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education (%), 200555.2
GDP per capita (PPP US$), 2005930
Population, total (thousands), 200421,096
Fertility rate, total (births per woman), 2000-056.0
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 2005102
Net primary enrolment rate (%), 200475
HIV prevalence (% aged 15-49), 2005[<0.2]
Population undernourished (% of total population), 2002/0438
Population using an improved water source (%), 200467
02. Human development index trends
Human development index (trends), 1975..
Human development index (trends), 1980..
Human development index (trends), 1985..
Human development index (trends), 19900.402
Human development index (trends), 19950.439
Human development index (trends), 20000.473
Human development index (trends), 20050.508
03. Human and income poverty: developing countries
Human poverty index (HPI-1) rank82
Human Poverty Index (HPI-1) value (%)38.0
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 40 (% of cohort), 2000-0518.6
Adult illiteracy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-200545.92
Population not using an improved water source (%), 200433
Children underweight for age (% under age 5), 1996-200546
Population living below $1 a day (%), 1990-200515.7
Population living below $2 a day (%), 1990-200545.2
Population living below the national poverty line (%), 1990-200441.83
HPI-1 rank minus income poverty rank21
04. Human and income poverty: OECD countries, Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS
Human poverty index (HPI-2) rank..
Human poverty index (HPI-2) value (%)..
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (% of cohort), 2000-0533.8
Population lacking functional literacy skills (% aged 16-65), 1994-2003..
Long-term unemployment (% of labour force), 2006..
Population living below 50% of median income (%), 2000-2004..3
Population living below $11 a day (1994 PPP US$), 1994-95..
Population living below $4 a day (1990 PPP US$), 2000-04..3
HPI-2 rank minus income poverty rank..
05. Demographic trends
Population, total (millions), 19757.1
Population, total (millions), 200521.1
Population, total (millions), 201528.3
Population, annual growth rate (%), 1975-20053.6
Population, annual growth rate (%), 2005-152.9
Population, urban (% of total population), 197514.8
Population, urban (% of total population), 200527.3
Population, urban (% of total population), 201531.9
Population under age 15 (% of total population), 200545.9
Population under age 15 (% of total population), 201542.4
Population aged 65 and older (% of total population), 20052.3
Population aged 65 and older (% of total population), 20152.5
Fertility rate, total (births per woman), 1970-758.7
Fertility rate, total (births per woman), 2000-056.0
06. Commitment to health: resources, access and services
Public expenditure on health (% of GDP), 20041.9
Private expenditure on health (% of GDP), 20043.1
Health expenditure per capita (PPP US$), 200482
One-year-olds fully immunized against tuberculosis (%), 200566
One-year-olds fully immunized against measles (%), 200576
Children with diarrhoea receiving oral rehydration and continued feeding (% under age 5), 1998-2005234
Contraceptive prevalence rate (% of married women aged 15-49), 1997-200523
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%), 1997-200527
Physicians (per 100,000 people), 2000-04333
07. Water, sanitation and nutritional status
Population using improved sanitation (%), 199032
Population using improved sanitation (%), 200443
Population using an improved water source (%), 199071
Population using an improved water source (%), 200467
Population undernourished (% of total population), 1990-92343
Population undernourished (% of total population), 2002-0438
Children under weight for age (% under age 5), 1996-200546
Children under height for age (% under age 5), 1996-2005603
Infants with low birthweight (%), 1998-2005325
08. Inequalities in maternal and child health
Survey year for inequality data in table 81997
Births attended by skilled health personnel, poorest 20% (%)7
Births attended by skilled health personnel, richest 20% (%)50
One-year-olds fully immunized, poorest 20% (%)8
One-year-olds fully immunized, richest 20% (%)56
Children under height for age, poorest 20% (% children under age 5)58
Children under height for age, richest 20% (% children under age 5)35
Infant mortality rate, poorest 20% (per 1,000 live births)109
Infant mortality rate, richest 20% (per 1,000 live births)60
Under-five mortality rate, poorest 20% (per 1,000 live births)163
Under-five mortality rate, richest 20% (per 1,000 live births)73
09. Leading global health crises and risks
HIV prevalence (% aged 15-49), 2005[<0.2]
Condom use at last high-risk sex, women (% aged 15-24), 1999-2005..
Condom use at last high-risk sex, men (% aged 15-24), 1999-2005..
Children under age 5 using insecticide-treated bednets (%), 1999-2005..
Children under age 5 with fever treated with antimalarial drugs (%), 1999-2005..
Tuberculosis cases, prevalence (per 100,000 people), 2005136
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS (%), 200541
Tuberculosis cases cured under DOTS (%), 200382
Prevalence of smoking, women (% of adults), 2002-04..3
Prevalence of smoking, men (% of adults), 2002-04..3
10. Survival: progress and setbacks
Life expectancy at birth, quinquennial estimates (years), 1970-7539.8
Life expectancy at birth, quinquennial estimates (years), 2000-0560.3
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 1970202
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 200576
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 1970303
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), 2005102
Probability at birth of surviving to age 65, female (% of cohort), 2000-0561.7
Probability at birth of surviving to age 65, male (% of cohort), 2000-0555.0
Maternal mortality ratio, reported (per 100,000 live births), 1990-2004370
Maternal mortality ratio, adjusted (per 100,000 live births), 20004303
11. Commitment to education: public spending
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 1991..
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 2002-059.667
Public expenditure on education (% of total government expenditure), 1991..
Public expenditure on education (% of total government expenditure), 2002-0532.87
Current public expenditure on education, pre-primary and primary (as % of all levels), 1991..
Current public expenditure on education, pre-primary and primary (as % of all levels), 2002-05..
Current public expenditure on education, secondary (% of all levels), 1991..
Current public expenditure on education, secondary (% of all levels), 2002-05..
Current public expenditure on education, tertiary (% of all levels), 1991..
Current public expenditure on education, tertiary (% of all levels), 2002-05..
12. Literacy and enrolment
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1985-199537.1
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and older), 1995-200554.18
Youth literacy rate (% aged 15-24), 1985-199560.2
Youth literacy rate (% aged 15-24), 1995-200575.28
Net primary enrolment rate (%), 1991519
Net primary enrolment rate (%), 200575910
Net secondary enrolment rate (%), 1991..
Net secondary enrolment rate (%), 2005..
Children reaching grade 5 (% of grade 1 students), 1991..
Children reaching grade 5 (% of grade 1 students), 200473910
Tertiary students in science, engineering, manufacturing and construction (% of tertiary students), 1999-2005..
13. Technology: diffusion and creation
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people), 199010
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people), 20053911
Cellular subscribers (per 1,000 people), 19900
Cellular subscribers (per 1,000 people), 200595
Internet users (per 1,000 people), 19900
Internet users (per 1,000 people), 2005911
Patents granted to residents (per million peole), 2005..
Receipts of royalties and license fees (US$ per person), 2005..
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP), 2000-2005..
Researchers in R&D (per million people), 1990-2005..
14. Economic performance
GDP (current US$ billions), 200515.1
GDP, PPP (current international $ billions), 200519.5
GDP per capita (US$), 2005718
GDP per capita, PPP (2005 international $), 2005930
GDP per capita, annual growth rate (%), 1975-20051.512
GDP per capita, annual growth rate (%), 1990-20051.5
GDP per capita, highest value (2005 PPP US$), 1975-200594312
GDP per capita, year of highest value2002
Consumer price index, average annual change in (%), 1990-200520.8
Consumer price index, average annual change in (%), 2004-05..
15. Inequality in income or expenditure
Survey Year199813
Share of income or consumption, poorest 10% (%)3.0
Share of income or consumption, poorest 20% (%)7.4
Share of income or consumption, richest 20% (%)41.2
Share of income or consumption, richest 10% (%)25.9
Inequality measures, ratio of richest 10% to poorest 10%8.6
Inequality measures, ratio of richest 20% to poorest 20%5.6
Gini index33.4
16. Structure of trade
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP), 199020
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP), 200538
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP), 199014
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP), 200546
Primary exports (% of merchandise exports), 19908514
Primary exports (% of merchandise exports), 200596
Manufactured exports (% of merchandise exports), 19901514
Manufactured exports (% of merchandise exports), 20054
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports), 1990..
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports), 20055.3
Terms of trade (2000=100), 2004-2005..
17. OECD-DAC country expenditures on aid
Official development assistance, net disbursed (US$ millions), 2005..
Official development assistance, net disbursed (% of GNI), 1990..
Official development assistance, net disbursed (% of GNI), 2005..
Official development assistance per capita of donor country (2005 US$), 1990..
Official development assistance per capita of donor country (2005 US$), 2005..
Official development assistance to least developed countries (% of total), 1990..
Official development assistance to least developed countries (% of total), 2005..
Official development assistance to basic social services (% of total allocable by sector), 1996-1997..
Official development assistance to basic social services (% of total allocable by sector), 2004-2005..
Untied bilateral ODA (% of total), 1990..
Untied bilateral ODA (% of total), 2005..
18. Flows of aid, private capital and debt
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (US$ millions), 2005335.9
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) per capita (US$), 200516.0
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (% of GDP), 19908.3
Official development assistance received (net disbursements) (% of GDP), 20052.2
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 1990- 2.7
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2005- 1.8
Private flows, other (% of GDP), 19903.3
Private flows, other (% of GDP), 20050.2
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 19903.5
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 20051.4
Debt service, total (% of exports of goods, services and net income from abroad), 19905.6
Debt service, total (% of exports of goods, services and net income from abroad), 20052.6
19. Priorities in public spending
Public expenditure on health (% of GDP), 20041.9
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 1991..
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP), 2002-059.61516
Military expenditure (% of GDP), 19907.9
Military expenditure (% of GDP), 20057.0
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 19903.5
Debt service, total (% of GDP), 20051.4
20. Unemployment in OECD countries
Unemployed people (thousands), 2006..
Unemployment rate Total (% of labour force), 2006..
Unemployment rate, average annual (% of labour force), 1996-2006..
Unemployment rate Female (% of male rate), 2006..
Youth unemployment rate, total (% of labour force aged 15-24), 2006..
Youth unemployment rate (female rate as % of male rate), 2006..
Long-term unemployment, women (% of total unemployment), 2006..
Long-term unemployment, men (% of total unemployment), 2006..
21. Unemployment and informal sector work in non-OECD countries
Unemployed people (thousands), 1996-2005469
Unemployment rate Total (% of labour force), 1996-200511.5
Unemployment rate (female rate as % of male rate), 1996-200566
Employment, total (thousands), 1996-20053,622
Employment in agriculture (% of total employment), 1996-200554
Employment in industry (% of total employment), 1996-200511
Employment in services (% of total employment), 1996-200535
Survey year, 1990-2004..
Employment in non-agricultural informal sector, both sexes (% of non-agricultural employment), 1990-2004..
Employment in non-agricultural informal sector, female (% of non-agricultural employment), 1990-2004..
Employment in non-agricultural informal sector, male (% of non-agricultural employment), 1990-2004..
22. Energy and the environment
Electricity consumption per capita (kilowatt-hours), 2004208
Electricity consumption per capita (% change), 1990-20040.3
Electrification rate (%)36
Population without electricity (millions)13.2
GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP US$ per kg of oil equivalent), 20042.8
GDP per unit of energy use (% change), 1990-2004- 0.1
Forest area (% total land), 20051.0
Forest area (thousand sq km), 20055.5
Forest area change from 1990-2005 (thousand sq km), 1990-20050
Forest area, average annual change (%), 1990-20050
23. Energy sources
Total primary energy supply (TPES) (Mt of oil equivalent), 19902.6
Total primary energy supply (TPES) (Mt of oil equivalent), 20056.7
Coal (% of total primary energy supply), 19900
Coal (% of total primary energy supply), 20050
Oil (% of total primary energy supply), 199097.0
Oil (% of total primary energy supply), 200598.8
Gas (% of total primary energy supply), 19900
Gas (% of total primary energy supply), 20050
Hydro, solar, wind and geothermal power (% of total primary energy supply), 19900
Hydro, solar, wind and geothermal power (% of total primary energy supply), 20050
Biomass and waste (% of total primary energy supply), 19903.0
Biomass and waste (% of total primary energy supply), 20051.2
Nuclear power (% of total primary energy supply), 19900
Nuclear power (% of total primary energy supply), 20050
24. Carbon dioxide emissions and stocks
CO2 emissions, total (Mt CO2), 199010.117
CO2 emissions, total (Mt CO2), 200421.1
CO2 emissions, average annual change in (%), 1990-20048.318
CO2 emissions (% of world total), 1990(.)17
CO2 emissions (% of world total), 20040.1
CO2 emissions per capita (tonnes), 19900.917
CO2 emissions per capita (tonnes), 20041.0
Carbon intensity of energy (kt CO2 per kt of oil equivalent), 19903.2517
Carbon intensity of energy (kt CO2 per kt of oil equivalent), 20043.31
Carbon intensity of growth ( kt CO2 per million 2000 PPP US$), 19901.1517
Carbon intensity of growth ( kt CO2 per million 2000 PPP US$), 20041.25
CO2 emissions/sequestration from forests (Mt CO2 per year), 1990-20050
Carbon stocks in forests (living biomass) (Mt C), 20055.1
25. Status of major international environmental treaties
Status of environmental treaties - Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (year of ratification/signature)2005
Status of environmental treaties - Framework Convention on Climate Change (year of ratification/signature)1996
Status of environmental treaties - Kyoto Protocol to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (year of ratification/signature)2004
Status of environmental treaties - Convention on Biological Diversity (year of ratification/signature)1996
Status of environmental treaties - Vienna Convention for the protection of the Ozone Layer (year of ratification/signature), 19881996
Status of environmental treaties - Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer (year of ratification/signature)1996
Status of environmental treaties - Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (year of ratification/signature), 20012004
Status of environmental treaties - UN Law of the Sea (year of ratification/signature)1987
Status of environmental treaties - UN Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (year of ratification/signature)1997
26. Refugees and armaments
Internally displaced people (thousands), 2006..
Refugees by country of asylum (thousands), 200696
Refugees by country of origin (thousands), 20061
Conventional arms transfers, imports (1990 US$ millions), 19960
Conventional arms transfers, imports (1990 US$ millions), 20060
Conventional arms transfers, exports (1990 US$ millions), 2006..
Conventional arms transfers, exports (% of world total), 2002-06..
Armed forces (thousands), 200767
Armed forces, index (1985=100), 2007105
27. Crime and justice
Homicides (per 100,000 people), 2000-20044
Prison population total, 2007140003
Prison population (per 100,000 people), 2007833
Prison population (% female), 2007..3
Year in which countries have partially or completely abolished the death penalty..3
28. Gender-related development index
Gender-related development index (GDI) rank, 2005135
Gender-related development index (GDI) value, 20050.472
Life expectancy at birth, female (years), 200563.1
Life expectancy at birth, male (years), 200560.0
Adult literacy rate, female (% aged 15 and older), 200534.73
Adult literacy rate, male (% aged 15 and older), 200573.13
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education, female (%) , 200543
Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education, male (%) , 200567
Estimated earned income, female (PPP US$), 200542419
Estimated earned income, male (PPP US$), 20051,42219
HDI rank minus GDI rank, 2005- 3
29. Gender empowerment measure
Gender empowerment measure (GEM) rank93
Gender empowerment measure (GEM) value0.129
Seats in parliament (% held by women)0.7
Legislators, senior officials and managers (% female), 1999-20054
Professional and technical workers (% female), 1994-200515
Ratio of estimated female to male earned income0.30
30. Gender inequality in education
Adult literacy rate, female (% aged 15 and older) , 200534.720
Adult literacy rate (ratio of female rate to male rate), 20050.4720
Youth literacy rate, female (% aged 15-24), 200558.920
Youth literacy rate (ratio of female rate to male rate), 20050.6520
Net primary enrolment rate, female (%), 2005632122
Net primary enrolment rate (ratio of female rate to male rate), 20050.732122
Gross primary enrolment ratio, female (%), 200575
Gross primary enrolment ratio (ratio of female ratio to male ratio)0.74
Gross secondary enrolment ratio, female (%), 200531
Gross secondary enrolment ratio (ratio of female ratio to male ratio), 20050.49
Gross tertiary enrolment ratio, female (%), 20055
Gross tertiary enrolment ratio (ratio of female ratio to male ratio), 20050.37
31. Gender inequality in economic activity
Economic activity rate, female (% aged 15 and older), 200529.7
Economic activity index (1990=100), female (aged 15 and older), 2005108
Economic activity rate (female rate as % of male rate, aged 15 and older), 200539
Employment in agriculture, female (% of total female employment), 1995-200588
Employment in agriculture, male (% of total male employment), 1995-200443
Employment in industry, female (% of total female employment), 1995-20033
Employment in industry, male (% of total male employment), 1995-200314
Employment in services, female (% of total female employment), 1995-20039
Employment in services, male (% of total male employment), 1995-200343
Contributing family workers, women (% of total), 1995-2005..
Contributing family workers, men (% of total), 1995-2004..
33. Women’s political participation
Year women received right to vote1967, 1970
Year women received right to stand for election1967, 1970
Year first woman elected (E) or appointed (A) to parliament1990 E23
Women in government at ministerial level (as % of total), 20052.9
Seats in lower house or single house (% held by women), 19904.1
Seats in lower house or single house (% held by women), 20070.3
Seats in upper house or senate (% held by women), 20071.8
34. Status of major international human rights instruments
Status of human rights instruments: International convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (year of ratification/signature), 19481987
Status of human rights instruments: International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (year of ratification/signature), 19651972
Status of human rights instruments: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (year of ratification/signature), 19661987
Status of human rights instruments: International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (year of ratification/signature), 19661987
Status of human rights instruments: International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (year of ratification/signature), 19791984
Status of human rights instruments: Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (year of ratification/signature), 19841991
Status of human rights instruments: Convention on the Rights of the Child (year of ratification/signature), 19891991
35. Status of fundamental labour rights conventions
Status of labour rights conventions: Freedom of association and collective bargaining - Convention 87 (year of ratification/signature)1976
Status of labour rights conventions: Freedom of association and collective bargaining - Convention 98 (year of ratification/signature)1969
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of forced and compulsory labour - Convention 29 (year of ratification/signature)1969
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of forced and compulsory labour - Convention 105 (year of ratification/signature)1969
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation - Convention 100 (year of ratification/signature)1976
Status of labour rights conventions: Elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation - Convention 111 (year of ratification/signature)1969
Status of labour rights conventions: Abolition of child labour - Convention 138 (year of ratification/signature)2000
Status of labour rights conventions: Abolition of child labour - Convention 182 (year of ratification/signature)2000

Notes:
1 - UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimates based on its Global Age-specific Literacy Projections model, April 2007.
2 - UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimates based on its Global Age-specific Literacy Projections model, April 2007.
3 -
4 - Data refer to a year or period other than that specified, differ from the standard definition or refer to only part of a country.
5 - Data refer to a year or period other than that specified, differ from the standard definition or refer to only part of a country.
6 - National or UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimate.
7 - Data refer to an earlier year than that specified (in the period 1999 to 2001).
8 - UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimates based on its Global Age-specific Literacy Projections model, April 2007.
9 - National or UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimate.
10 - Data refer to an earlier year than that specified.
11 - Data refer to 2004.
12 - Data refer to a period shorter than that specified.
13 - Data refer to expenditure shares by percentiles of population, ranked by per capita expenditure.
14 - Data refer to the closest available year between 1988 and 1992.
15 - National or UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimate.
16 - Data refer to an earlier year than that specified; from 1999 onwards.
17 - In cases where data for 1990 are not available, data for the closest year between 1991 and 1992 have been used.
18 - Refers to the 1992—2004 period.
19 - No wage data are available. For the purposes of calculating the estimated female and male earned income, a value of 0.75 was used for the ratio of the female nonagricultural wage to the male nonagricultural wage.
20 - UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimate based on its Global Age-specific Literacy Projections model, April 2007.
21 - National or UNESCO Institute for Statistics estimate.
22 - Data refer to an earlier year than that specified.
23 - Refers to the year women were elected to the current parliamentary system.

Symbols :
.. Data not available
(.) Greater (or less) than zero but small enough to be rounded off to zero at the displayed number of decimal points
<Less than
-Not applicable
TTotal