International Human Development Indicators - United Nations Development Programme

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Labour force participation rate, female-male ratio (Ratio of female to male shares)

Ratio of female to male of the working-age population (ages 15–64) that actively engages in the labour market, by either working or actively looking for work.

Source: ILO (2012). ["Key Indicators on the Labour Market: 7th edition". Geneva: ILO.].http://www.ilo.org/empelm/what/lang--en/WCMS_114240. Accessed March 2012.

Data in the tables are those available to the Human Development Report Office as of 15 October 2012, unless otherwise specified.

HDI Rank	Country	1990	2000	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
..	Very high human development	0.673	0.721	0.743	0.747	0.749	0.754	0.760	0.764	0.766
..	High human development	0.558	0.593	0.610	0.613	0.614	0.612	0.617	0.620	0.621
..	Medium human development	0.667	0.660	0.661	0.656	0.651	0.644	0.637	0.631	0.630
..	Low human development	0.649	0.672	0.694	0.697	0.700	0.702	0.704	0.705	0.707
1	Norway	0.775	0.835	0.857	0.858	0.869	0.875	0.881	0.876	0.880
2	Australia	0.690	0.754	0.789	0.797	0.802	0.807	0.812	0.810	0.813
3	United States	0.748	0.796	0.805	0.804	0.806	0.811	0.818	0.819	0.820
4	Netherlands	0.612	0.731	0.782	0.788	0.802	0.807	0.815	0.815	0.818
5	Germany	0.623	0.725	0.757	0.771	0.778	0.780	0.786	0.793	0.797
6	New Zealand	0.720	0.775	0.806	0.806	0.812	0.821	0.828	0.829	0.831
7	Ireland	0.503	0.663	0.716	0.721	0.737	0.742	0.760	0.767	0.768
8	Sweden	0.875	0.856	0.871	0.871	0.879	0.877	0.879	0.870	0.872
9	Switzerland	0.700	0.744	0.791	0.793	0.792	0.813	0.818	0.804	0.808
10	Japan	0.647	0.645	0.659	0.661	0.662	0.663	0.673	0.688	0.689
11	Canada	0.762	0.813	0.838	0.848	0.854	0.854	0.862	0.864	0.867
12	Korea (Republic of)	0.642	0.666	0.681	0.689	0.687	0.691	0.683	0.687	0.689
13	Iceland	0.827	0.870	0.883	0.873	0.877	0.876	0.890	0.905	0.903
13	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	0.595	0.668	0.730	0.736	0.744	0.754	0.757	0.747	0.749
15	Denmark	0.818	0.838	0.848	0.855	0.854	0.854	0.863	0.865	0.865
16	Israel	0.660	0.794	0.822	0.822	0.823	0.824	0.844	0.841	0.841
17	Belgium	0.597	0.708	0.745	0.752	0.762	0.770	0.776	0.783	0.787
18	Singapore	0.639	0.671	0.692	0.703	0.704	0.724	0.719	0.736	0.738
18	Austria	0.617	0.706	0.761	0.768	0.767	0.780	0.794	0.795	0.797
20	France	0.705	0.770	0.803	0.807	0.815	0.818	0.825	0.824	0.826
21	Slovenia	0.798	0.802	0.799	0.810	0.805	0.818	0.818	0.814	0.816
21	Finland	0.819	0.845	0.870	0.869	0.873	0.867	0.892	0.870	0.871
23	Spain	0.491	0.616	0.674	0.693	0.705	0.724	0.748	0.764	0.766
24	Liechtenstein	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
25	Italy	0.527	0.578	0.617	0.621	0.621	0.630	0.630	0.633	0.636
26	United Kingdom	0.704	0.767	0.794	0.797	0.793	0.796	0.801	0.809	0.812
26	Luxembourg	0.502	0.629	0.703	0.729	0.739	0.743	0.740	0.748	0.755
28	Czech Republic	0.730	0.741	0.737	0.739	0.731	0.725	0.725	0.723	0.727
29	Greece	0.539	0.617	0.651	0.656	0.656	0.657	0.674	0.686	0.689
30	Brunei Darussalam	0.535	0.698	0.719	0.719	0.721	0.722	0.724	0.725	0.725
31	Cyprus	0.624	0.691	0.733	0.747	0.761	0.771	0.786	0.801	0.800
32	Malta	0.346	0.423	0.441	0.447	0.477	0.500	0.506	0.516	0.522
33	Estonia	0.822	0.774	0.817	0.816	0.790	0.796	0.811	0.835	0.831
33	Andorra	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
35	Slovakia	0.817	0.774	0.750	0.746	0.746	0.747	0.739	0.749	0.752
36	Qatar	0.461	0.424	0.490	0.515	0.528	0.535	0.546	0.547	0.544
37	Hungary	0.716	0.714	0.736	0.733	0.728	0.731	0.735	0.750	0.750
38	Barbados	0.789	0.833	0.846	0.850	0.852	0.853	0.849	0.849	0.850
39	Poland	0.767	0.775	0.760	0.749	0.744	0.741	0.741	0.750	0.750
40	Chile	0.418	0.474	0.524	0.531	0.544	0.569	0.581	0.630	0.635
41	United Arab Emirates	0.274	0.368	0.408	0.425	0.441	0.458	0.465	0.475	0.471
41	Lithuania	0.798	0.824	0.810	0.821	0.819	0.819	0.843	0.850	0.847
43	Portugal	0.673	0.758	0.801	0.802	0.810	0.810	0.821	0.829	0.831
44	Latvia	0.816	0.751	0.769	0.770	0.779	0.785	0.811	0.825	0.821
45	Argentina	0.529	0.573	0.637	0.636	0.642	0.649	0.654	0.628	0.632
46	Seychelles	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
47	Croatia	0.677	0.716	0.756	0.771	0.747	0.757	0.775	0.772	0.771
48	Bahrain	0.317	0.405	0.432	0.437	0.441	0.445	0.447	0.450	0.451
49	Bahamas	0.816	0.879	0.872	0.871	0.871	0.871	0.873	0.873	0.874
50	Belarus	0.802	0.808	0.811	0.810	0.810	0.808	0.807	0.804	0.802
51	Uruguay	0.581	0.687	0.713	0.685	0.707	0.714	0.721	0.723	0.727
52	Montenegro	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
53	Palau	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
54	Kuwait	0.443	0.541	0.547	0.542	0.533	0.525	0.528	0.527	0.527
55	Russian Federation	0.783	0.795	0.810	0.816	0.809	0.797	0.801	0.793	0.793
56	Romania	0.770	0.817	0.767	0.769	0.762	0.750	0.746	0.747	0.749
57	Saudi Arabia	0.180	0.219	0.238	0.247	0.241	0.237	0.232	0.235	0.239
57	Bulgaria	0.874	0.831	0.795	0.810	0.809	0.794	0.795	0.808	0.806
59	Panama	0.492	0.553	0.592	0.578	0.588	0.588	0.590	0.597	0.601
59	Cuba	0.485	0.538	0.577	0.589	0.609	0.608	0.613	0.615	0.619
61	Mexico	0.409	0.469	0.506	0.513	0.525	0.533	0.533	0.545	0.550
62	Costa Rica	0.392	0.456	0.547	0.549	0.557	0.561	0.577	0.583	0.588
63	Grenada	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
64	Serbia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
64	Malaysia	0.533	0.546	0.556	0.558	0.562	0.564	0.567	0.567	0.570
64	Libya	0.249	0.375	0.401	0.402	0.401	0.401	0.398	0.395	0.392
67	Trinidad and Tobago	0.509	0.614	0.703	0.707	0.684	0.699	0.699	0.700	0.701
67	Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
69	Kazakhstan	0.799	0.848	0.859	0.863	0.866	0.868	0.866	0.865	0.863
70	Albania	0.705	0.697	0.697	0.698	0.697	0.698	0.697	0.697	0.696
71	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	0.462	0.590	0.632	0.626	0.625	0.632	0.638	0.643	0.650
72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
72	Lebanon	0.240	0.274	0.300	0.305	0.312	0.314	0.315	0.318	0.319
72	Georgia	0.740	0.739	0.756	0.755	0.755	0.754	0.753	0.753	0.752
72	Dominica	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
76	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	0.121	0.190	0.262	0.253	0.244	0.219	0.221	0.224	0.226
77	Peru	0.591	0.696	0.727	0.713	0.774	0.771	0.788	0.796	0.800
78	Ukraine	0.791	0.801	0.795	0.796	0.798	0.799	0.800	0.801	0.800
78	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	0.637	0.625	0.656	0.629	0.645	0.626	0.616	0.620	0.623
80	Mauritius	0.457	0.511	0.539	0.547	0.540	0.559	0.567	0.580	0.584
81	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.622	0.579	0.570	0.563	0.550	0.565	0.581	0.602	0.601
82	Azerbaijan	0.765	0.804	0.867	0.881	0.893	0.907	0.905	0.901	0.899
83	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.547	0.631	0.674	0.685	0.696	0.701	0.704	0.707	0.710
84	Oman	0.216	0.293	0.329	0.339	0.345	0.347	0.350	0.350	0.347
85	Jamaica	0.812	0.762	0.755	0.762	0.768	0.776	0.776	0.778	0.780
85	Brazil	0.522	0.667	0.718	0.719	0.719	0.719	0.725	0.733	0.737
87	Armenia	0.786	0.793	0.745	0.732	0.718	0.704	0.705	0.704	0.704
88	Saint Lucia	0.762	0.823	0.817	0.826	0.827	0.829	0.828	0.830	0.831
89	Ecuador	0.467	0.594	0.652	0.659	0.643	0.632	0.639	0.650	0.657
90	Turkey	0.423	0.362	0.334	0.340	0.342	0.352	0.372	0.394	0.394
91	Colombia	0.409	0.593	0.653	0.656	0.652	0.652	0.682	0.694	0.700
92	Sri Lanka	0.465	0.484	0.451	0.514	0.486	0.480	0.480	0.454	0.455
93	Algeria	0.133	0.159	0.178	0.183	0.190	0.197	0.203	0.205	0.209
94	Tunisia	0.275	0.331	0.356	0.358	0.359	0.360	0.362	0.363	0.364
95	Tonga	0.475	0.671	0.709	0.710	0.710	0.711	0.712	0.713	0.715
96	Samoa	0.520	0.534	0.543	0.544	0.545	0.546	0.547	0.549	0.550
96	Fiji	0.349	0.498	0.497	0.498	0.497	0.496	0.494	0.494	0.494
96	Dominican Republic	0.522	0.579	0.609	0.618	0.626	0.633	0.637	0.645	0.649
96	Belize	0.440	0.480	0.554	0.563	0.570	0.576	0.581	0.587	0.590
100	Jordan	0.136	0.183	0.181	0.188	0.227	0.222	0.231	0.234	0.237
101	China	0.855	0.861	0.851	0.852	0.851	0.848	0.847	0.847	0.845
102	Turkmenistan	0.620	0.646	0.628	0.625	0.621	0.618	0.615	0.613	0.611
103	Thailand	0.868	0.807	0.811	0.798	0.805	0.806	0.794	0.796	0.797
104	Maldives	0.262	0.524	0.673	0.701	0.706	0.712	0.716	0.721	0.725
105	Suriname	0.604	0.548	0.562	0.565	0.569	0.574	0.580	0.584	0.590
106	Gabon	0.788	0.813	0.848	0.851	0.854	0.858	0.861	0.863	0.866
107	El Salvador	0.489	0.569	0.575	0.583	0.585	0.582	0.590	0.598	0.603
108	Mongolia	0.837	0.848	0.849	0.847	0.844	0.836	0.829	0.829	0.829
108	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	0.608	0.729	0.750	0.756	0.766	0.772	0.781	0.788	0.792
110	Palestine, State of	0.145	0.157	0.211	0.218	0.222	0.230	0.236	0.222	0.228
111	Paraguay	0.588	0.588	0.638	0.646	0.654	0.647	0.662	0.664	0.671
112	Egypt	0.357	0.272	0.272	0.284	0.309	0.313	0.314	0.317	0.319
113	Moldova (Republic of)	0.822	0.870	0.920	0.904	0.891	0.875	0.863	0.852	0.851
114	Uzbekistan	0.630	0.659	0.655	0.652	0.649	0.645	0.642	0.640	0.639
114	Philippines	0.580	0.596	0.622	0.613	0.615	0.615	0.622	0.623	0.626
116	Syrian Arab Republic	0.223	0.254	0.210	0.197	0.196	0.197	0.177	0.180	0.183
117	Micronesia (Federated States of)	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
118	Guyana	0.436	0.482	0.480	0.485	0.493	0.501	0.509	0.519	0.528
119	Botswana	0.829	0.864	0.875	0.875	0.877	0.877	0.878	0.879	0.879
120	Honduras	0.385	0.505	0.473	0.483	0.490	0.497	0.500	0.505	0.511
121	South Africa	0.517	0.718	0.743	0.738	0.733	0.737	0.730	0.725	0.724
121	Kiribati	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
121	Indonesia	0.619	0.594	0.586	0.592	0.600	0.607	0.605	0.606	0.608
124	Vanuatu	0.892	0.835	0.800	0.792	0.784	0.777	0.769	0.769	0.769
125	Tajikistan	0.769	0.777	0.774	0.773	0.772	0.770	0.769	0.766	0.764
125	Kyrgyzstan	0.786	0.758	0.713	0.704	0.705	0.705	0.705	0.706	0.706
127	Viet Nam	0.893	0.898	0.900	0.902	0.901	0.902	0.901	0.901	0.901
128	Namibia	0.738	0.757	0.811	0.818	0.824	0.832	0.834	0.837	0.838
129	Nicaragua	0.421	0.463	0.540	0.556	0.561	0.568	0.572	0.578	0.584
130	Morocco	0.328	0.368	0.360	0.355	0.354	0.348	0.338	0.347	0.351
131	Iraq	0.154	0.182	0.197	0.200	0.200	0.203	0.205	0.206	0.209
132	Cape Verde	0.491	0.549	0.578	0.584	0.589	0.594	0.600	0.604	0.610
133	Guatemala	0.460	0.487	0.513	0.534	0.540	0.545	0.548	0.553	0.555
134	Timor-Leste	0.518	0.511	0.512	0.510	0.512	0.515	0.515	0.516	0.518
135	Ghana	0.957	0.948	0.940	0.938	0.938	0.935	0.936	0.933	0.932
136	India	0.409	0.413	0.444	0.426	0.409	0.392	0.376	0.359	0.359
136	Equatorial Guinea	0.877	0.862	0.869	0.870	0.870	0.871	0.872	0.873	0.873
138	Lao People's Democratic Republic	0.964	0.969	0.970	0.969	0.969	0.969	0.966	0.965	0.962
138	Cambodia	0.922	0.925	0.881	0.894	0.905	0.917	0.916	0.916	0.913
140	Bhutan	0.634	0.676	0.817	0.833	0.846	0.857	0.865	0.862	0.860
141	Swaziland	0.569	0.596	0.606	0.609	0.611	0.613	0.614	0.615	0.616
142	Congo	0.815	0.912	0.943	0.942	0.940	0.939	0.939	0.938	0.938
143	Solomon Islands	0.685	0.674	0.675	0.673	0.671	0.668	0.665	0.665	0.666
144	Sao Tome and Principe	0.478	0.520	0.541	0.547	0.552	0.556	0.561	0.565	0.570
145	Kenya	0.873	0.862	0.858	0.858	0.858	0.856	0.857	0.856	0.857
146	Pakistan	0.158	0.191	0.229	0.247	0.251	0.258	0.263	0.269	0.273
146	Bangladesh	0.698	0.633	0.653	0.658	0.662	0.667	0.670	0.674	0.679
148	Angola	0.864	0.894	0.844	0.824	0.804	0.794	0.804	0.814	0.816
149	Myanmar	0.913	0.914	0.914	0.914	0.914	0.914	0.913	0.915	0.914
150	Cameroon	0.694	0.801	0.814	0.817	0.819	0.822	0.825	0.827	0.829
151	Madagascar	0.939	0.936	0.943	0.942	0.942	0.942	0.941	0.941	0.940
152	Tanzania (United Republic of)	0.951	0.958	0.979	0.983	0.982	0.980	0.979	0.978	0.977
153	Nigeria	0.522	0.671	0.767	0.767	0.764	0.762	0.761	0.759	0.757
154	Senegal	0.697	0.724	0.735	0.738	0.740	0.742	0.745	0.747	0.748
155	Mauritania	0.238	0.296	0.331	0.314	0.336	0.342	0.356	0.359	0.362
156	Papua New Guinea	0.959	0.963	0.958	0.957	0.956	0.956	0.956	0.953	0.953
157	Nepal	0.884	0.910	0.913	0.913	0.914	0.914	0.914	0.916	0.918
158	Lesotho	0.809	0.844	0.818	0.812	0.807	0.801	0.801	0.801	0.802
159	Togo	0.789	0.927	0.984	0.996	0.994	0.993	0.990	0.989	0.988
160	Yemen	0.219	0.311	0.331	0.334	0.338	0.340	0.343	0.346	0.350
161	Uganda	1.006	0.977	0.964	0.962	0.960	0.959	0.957	0.957	0.956
161	Haiti	0.734	0.825	0.837	0.841	0.842	0.844	0.846	0.848	0.851
163	Zambia	0.855	0.879	0.858	0.857	0.857	0.856	0.855	0.855	0.855
164	Djibouti	0.409	0.472	0.502	0.509	0.515	0.520	0.525	0.530	0.536
165	Gambia	0.819	0.853	0.861	0.861	0.862	0.863	0.867	0.870	0.871
166	Benin	0.639	0.788	0.841	0.845	0.847	0.851	0.853	0.857	0.862
167	Rwanda	0.999	1.012	1.023	1.021	1.020	1.018	1.015	1.013	1.012
168	Côte d'Ivoire	0.495	0.596	0.614	0.619	0.623	0.626	0.630	0.633	0.638
169	Comoros	0.339	0.385	0.408	0.412	0.417	0.421	0.427	0.432	0.437
170	Malawi	0.955	0.951	0.918	0.974	1.023	1.055	1.052	1.047	1.043
171	Sudan	0.348	0.384	0.393	0.395	0.398	0.398	0.401	0.403	0.404
172	Zimbabwe	0.844	0.843	0.922	0.923	0.924	0.924	0.926	0.926	0.927
173	Ethiopia	0.798	0.801	0.861	0.863	0.865	0.866	0.869	0.871	0.873
174	Liberia	0.871	0.942	0.934	0.925	0.913	0.907	0.906	0.903	0.899
175	Afghanistan	0.190	0.166	0.172	0.175	0.179	0.183	0.188	0.193	0.196
176	Guinea-Bissau	0.770	0.804	0.844	0.849	0.857	0.861	0.864	0.867	0.870
177	Sierra Leone	0.961	1.063	0.982	0.978	0.974	0.971	0.968	0.964	0.959
178	Guinea	0.818	0.808	0.814	0.816	0.820	0.820	0.828	0.833	0.835
178	Burundi	1.006	1.015	1.022	1.022	1.022	1.023	1.022	1.022	1.019
180	Central African Republic	0.795	0.821	0.839	0.840	0.841	0.844	0.849	0.851	0.852
181	Eritrea	0.819	0.826	0.869	0.875	0.876	0.885	0.884	0.884	0.887
182	Mali	0.583	0.561	0.535	0.534	0.533	0.530	0.529	0.528	0.526
183	Burkina Faso	0.845	0.853	0.854	0.854	0.855	0.856	0.856	0.856	0.857
184	Chad	0.791	0.805	0.805	0.805	0.804	0.804	0.804	0.804	0.803
185	Mozambique	1.057	1.060	1.049	1.048	1.046	1.043	1.041	1.040	1.037
186	Niger	0.265	0.430	0.433	0.434	0.436	0.437	0.440	0.442	0.444
186	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	0.901	0.968	0.975	0.974	0.972	0.972	0.971	0.970	0.968
..	South Sudan	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
..	Tuvalu	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
..	Somalia	0.449	0.470	0.478	0.480	0.482	0.484	0.486	0.488	0.491
..	San Marino	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
..	Nauru	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
..	Monaco	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
..	Marshall Islands	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
..	Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	0.864	0.840	0.846	0.849	0.852	0.854	0.854	0.856	0.855

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Footnotes

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Symbols
..	Data not available
(.)	Greater (or less) than zero but small enough to be rounded off to zero at the displayed number of decimal points
<	Less than
-	Not applicable
T	Total

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